Which of the following is NOT typically included in the Hs and Ts etiologies of pediatric cardiac arrest?

• A. Seizure
• B. Hypoxia
• C. Hypothermia
• D. Hyperkalemia

Answer: (A)

The main concept here is recognizing the reversible causes of pediatric cardiac arrest captured by the Hs and Ts mnemonic. This list groups problems related to breathing, circulation, metabolism, and anatomy that we actively look for and correct during resuscitation.

Among the options, seizure is not part of the Hs and Ts etiologies. Seizures can precipitate arrest by causing prolonged hypoxia or metabolic disturbances, but they aren’t themselves one of the primary H/T categories used in this mnemonic.

Hypoxia is a classic Hs cause and fits directly because impaired ventilation or airway issues lead to inadequate oxygen delivery and can drive cardiac arrest if not corrected. Hypothermia is also included; low body temperature can depress myocardial function and slow conduction, contributing to arrest, especially in was it neonates or rapid cooling scenarios. Hyperkalemia is a textbook electrolyte problem listed among the Hs and can precipitate dangerous arrhythmias that progress to arrest.

So the best choice is seizure because it isn’t listed as a core Hs or Ts etiology, even though it may contribute to arrest indirectly.